Nigeria is located in western africa with a population of over 180 million people as of 2016. Nigeria s population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Therefore, nigerians are condemned to know the compostion of various ethnic groups in nigeria apart from the big 4. Solution to ethnic problem in nigeria the way forward. From this demographic and historical starting point, nigeria has evolved a tripolar ethnic structure, which forms the main context for ethnic mobilization and contestation. Though the country is said to have three 3 major ethnic groups which are the igbo, yoruba and hausa, there are other minor ethnic groups that are also included in the federation. History of yoruba land download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. This ethnic group in nigeria is majorly known for their cattle rearing and they can live anywhere. This entry provides a listing of languages spoken in each country and specifies any that are official national or regional languages. Nigeria is a country of over four hundred 400 ethnic groups and numerous sub ethnic groups with different backgrounds.
Table 1, based on the 1963 census, gives an idea of the 12 largest ethnic groups in nigeria. However, it is necessary to educate all nigerians about the composition of the ethnic groups in nigeria due to the unnecessary tensions created since the recent political appointments made by president buhari. Nigeria is made up of several ethnic groups, majority of which are the igbo, hausa and the yoruba. List of 371 ethnic groups in nigeria culture 8 nigeria. But as the case may be, out of all the ethnic groups we have in. Large ethnic group found off the west coast of africa in ghana speak mostly twi as their main language live with extended family members the ashanti religion is a mixture of spiritual and supernatural powers. In southwest nigeria, which has large christian and muslim populations, the yoruba is the largest ethnic group.
Nigeria is home to over 250 ethnic groups, with over 500 languages, and the variety of customs, and traditions among them gives the country great cultural diversity. In recent years, the federal government has been making efforts to promote the use of indigenous languages, many of which are endangered. List of major ethnic groups in nigeria and minority. Colonial administration fostered ethnic consciousness. I cannot help thinking that this is a view of reality as it appears within the colonial situation. In rural nigeria, igbo people are mostly craftsmen, farmers and traders. List of ethnic groups in nigeria and the states where they are found nigeria is a country located in africa, west africa precisely and also called the giant of africa is the home for different ethnic groups or tribe. Pdf nigeria is a mosaic of many ethnolinguistic groups, some large, many very small indeed, altogether numbering about 250. Explore the eight largest ethnic groups in nigeria below. Wallerstein further maintains that ethnic groups can be defined.
This impact negatively on the development of the nigerian state. The origins and brief history of the ewe people narrated by dr. Nigeria is made of many diverse cultures, tribes, dialects, peoples and states. Department of political science, federal university, dutsinma, katsina state. Hausa and the ibowho are now apparently locked in grave confrontation.
The three major ethnic groups in nigeria are hausa, yoruba, and igbo. They believe that plants, animals, and trees have souls. In some colonial territories, for instance nigeria, the strategy of decolonization gave impetus to political ethnicity. Nigeria has over 250 ethnic groups, the most populous and politically. This competition over land and resources is compounded by religion and ethnicity herders are most members of the minority fulani ethnic group and are generally muslim. India and china both have over 2 thousand ethnic group each. Pages in category ethnic groups in nigeria the following 107 pages are in this category, out of 107 total. The dominant ethnic group in the northern twothirds of the country is the hausa fulani, most of whom are muslim. Pdf an evaluation and understanding of the political development in. This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. Oil and ethnic inequality in nigeria 3 health e ects.
Pdf nigeria is a multi ethnic and culturally diverse society that has witnessed conflicts arising from this ethnic and cultural diversity. With a population of over 30 million, they have the largest population in west africa because of their intermarriages and constant interaction with different peoples. Nigeria, july 2008 2 of slaves flowed north across the sahara for a millennium, ending only at the beginning of the twentieth century. It is against this backdrop that this paper seeks to unravel the phenomenon of ethnic militias and insurgency in nigeria. Ethnic structure, inequality and governance of the public. Within nigeria, slavery was widespread and bore social implications that are still evident. An ethnic group is a group of people that have the same biological texture of hair, colur of the skin, eye as well as the structure of the nose. Home news full list of all 371 tribes in nigeria, states where they originate. The most populous and politically influential include.
Across our outcome variables, a one standard deviation movement in earlylife oil prices changes the outcome variables by roughly 0. Among those people are over 250 ethnic groups and tribes, each with their own culture and traditions, including different languages. This ethnic group numbers roughly 4 million that is 3. Actually, much of the material on nigeria has been inspired by the paradigms of the study of ethnicity in the social sciences generally. The ibibio is the most ancient of all the ethnic groups in the region besides this, they have an amazing artistic culture of wooden carvings, weaving, and masks making. Expectedly, politics by its nature and character is to give birth to a democratic structure capable. Africa nigeria the world factbook central intelligence. In the spirit of indirect rule, the major administrative and political units of nigeria were made to coincide with the spatial locations of the three major ethnic groups.
Ethnicity is seen as the most basic and politically salient identity of nigerians. Nigeria party politic has been polluted by ethnic chauvinism. The following is a nonexhaustive list of ethnic groups in nigeria. Southeast nigeria is largely christian and is dominated by the igbo ethnic group. Often associated with mis view is the notion that the ethnic group has not a concrete existence but is rather a figment of the human imagination. This study examines the interplay between ethnicity, nationality and development in nigeria. However, the multitribal nature of nigeria may put someone at a loss, especially when such. Ciforb country profile nigeria university of birmingham. Jul 18, 2019 nigeria is found in west africa and borders benin, chad, cameroon, and niger. They are mostly settled in the southeastern part of the country, and the states in this region include anambra, imo. Forming another large ethnic group just behind the trio of hausa, yoruba, and igbo, the ijaw is also among the list of major ethnic groups in nigeria and believed to have covered about 10% of nigerias entire population. The following is a nonexhaustive list of ethnic groups in nigeria kamwe adamawa state and borno state republic of cameroon. List of ethnic groups in nigeria, culture and states peakng.
Gst 201 nigerian peoples and culture course code gst 201 course title nigerian peoples and culture course developer writer dr. The 3 ethnic majority groups make up about 54 percent of the population bangura, nd. It is incontrovertible that nigeria is multi ethnic and the interplay of this ethnic factor pose a certrifugal and daunting challenge to the corporate existence of nigeria as a nation. These tribes contribute to the vast cultural diversity of the country. In nigeria, the ethnic groups are occasionally fusions created by intermarriage, intermingling andor assimilation. In fact, nigeria is indeed a variegated political enti ty, multi ethnic, multilingual, multireligious, and multicultural. The origin, development, ethnic politics, impacts, postcolonial governance.
Over the past few years thousands of people have been killed in ethnic clashes. The percentage of each ethnic group in the national total is the subject of intense political contestation. Pdf managing ethnic and cultural diversity for national. Would it surprise you to hear that nigeria has more than 300 ethnic groups. As nigeria is home to a diverse number of ethnic groups, so it would make sense that there are a variety of indigenous languages spoken in the country as well. Nigeria, africas most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups definition. Ethnic conflict and sustainable development in nigeria. With regard to the list below, we have conducted thorough research and as the outcome of our efforts, weve been able to provide the names of the major ethnic groups alongside their population estimates and what distinguishes them from one another. Case study of the igbo community in lagos olowojolu olakunle, iseolorunkanmi joseph and oshewolo segun department of political science and international relations, landmark university omuaran.
It is an ethnic group in nigeria that speaks fulfulde as their language. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The people of igbo land speak igbo, which includes various igboid languages and dialects. Pdf an evaluation and understanding of the political development in nigeria requires a consideration of the impact of ethnicity. List of all ethnic groups in nigeria and their states over the years, nigeria is said to have about 250 ethnic groups. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Ethnicity, ethnic crisis, and good governance in nigeria. Managing ethnic and cultural diversity for national integration in nigeria patrick a. Are nigerians more loyal and patriotic to ethnic groups than.
List of minority ethnic groups in nigeria nigerian infopedia. The national question in nigeria is probably one of the most complicated in the world with over 120 languages spoken, three main ethnic groups, none of which constitutes a majority of the population, and the religious divide between christians in the south and muslims in the north. This paper investigates the consequences of the demo. They make up 70% of the total population in nigeria. Cohen defines an ethnic group as an informal interest group whose members are. Hausa and fulani people nigeria people and culture. Nigerian descent who have researched and written on issues relating to ethnic identity in nigeria, stated that the level of ethnic and linguistic diversity in nigeria makes it difficult to offer any generalizations regarding ethnic identity professors 25 oct. Nigeria is home to hundreds of indigenous languages. From the empirical evidences around the world, the study concludes that a political. Nigeria has about 374 ethnic groups that are broadly divided into ethnic majorities and ethnic minorities. Ethnic groups are viewed as the categories of people characteristics by cultural criteria symbols including language, value systems and normative behaviour, and whose members are enclosed in a particular part of the new state territory otite, in omotosho 2008. Kobla dotse published in 2011 xxxx publications disclaimer the material we present here is provided to you mainly for educational and information purposes only. Nigerias population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country.
The three major ethnic groups in nigeria and their culture. Aug 29, 2016 the level of insecurity witnessed during the postmilitary period is considerably higher than that experienced during the three decades of military rule that ended in 1999. Ethnic politics and democratic consolidation in nigeria. It is often assumed that there exist stable identities in nigeria and consistent group motives in the approach to ethnic politics rotberg 2002. It has been estimated that nigeria has as much as 350 ethnic groups based on lingual classification. Library of congress federal research division country profile. Virtually all postcolonial censuses have produced contested results. List of ethnic groups in nigeria, culture and states. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Nigerian food culture major tribes in nigeria and their. The vast majority of the population of northern nigeria identifies as muslim, and is primarily from the hausafulani ethnic group. Click download or read online button to get history of yoruba land book now. Map of ethnic groups in nigeria as it revolves from 1901. Its population includes more than 300 ethnic and linguistic groups, with the hausafulani, yoruba, and igbo representing a majority. Fulanis people are different from the hausas because they dont look alike and neither do they practice the same culture. Among those people are over 250 ethnic groups and tribes, each with their own. Just as we have many authors, so we have several definitions of the concept. Nigerias sustained high population growth rate will continue for the foreseeable future because of population momentum and its high birth rate. Nigeria, africas most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups languages. Igbo people are one of the largest etnic groups in africa.
Full list of all 371 tribes in nigeria, states where they. Ethnic identity and the crises of development in nigeria olufayo olu olu, phd department of sociology, university of adoekiti, nigeria abstract this paper takes a cursory look at the crises of confidence acting as a bane to the overall development of the nation. Religious and ethnic nationalism has led to conflicts about control of state power. Before i list out all the ethnic groups in nigeria thats spread across all 6 geopolitical zones, lets discuss the three major ones. List of ethnic groups in nigeria and their states oasdom.
Ethnic groups are, to be sure, inventions and constructions in. Nigerian food culture major tribes in nigeria and their food the igbo tribe. Ethnic structure, inequality and governance of the public sector in. Agheyisi 1984, 2356 argues that there are about 400 language groups in nigeria and suggests that, minus the 9 largest groups. First, that people often perceive their ethnic identity in essentialist terms. The religions and beliefs practiced in nigeria are highly diverse, although historically the popula. Other major ethnic groups of the north are the nupe, tiv, and kanuri. Abstract the igbo ethnic group is one of the largest ethnic groups in nigeria.
Hausa and fulani 29%, yoruba 21%, igbo ibo 18%, ijaw 10%, kanuri 4%, ibibio 3. Though, these ethnic groups exist independently of each other, they had interacted with one another before the advent of colonial rule in the country. May 10, 2017 nigeria is made up of several ethnic groups, majority of which are the igbo, hausa and the yoruba. The hausa people form one of the largest ethnic groups in west africa. Below is a list of the major ethnic groups in nigeria and dishes that are peculiar to them. Aug 30, 2005 the national question in nigeria is probably one of the most complicated in the world with over 120 languages spoken, three main ethnic groups, none of which constitutes a majority of the population, and the religious divide between christians in the south and muslims in the north. There are three major tribes in nigeria, called the hausafulani, igbo, and yoruba. Nigeria has one of the fastestgrowing populations in the world and the largest economy in africa.
The yoruba people are predominant in the southwest. Diversity in most cases leave no room for unity and togetherness as diversity breeds diverse knowledge, decision, opinions and thoughts toward a particular topic of discussion phenomenon. In part c 1 point was earned for correctly identifying a firstpastthepost, or singlemember district. Nigeria is a multi ethnic and culturally diverse society that has witnessed conflicts arising from this ethnic and. These common factors are emphasized by frequent interaction between the people in the group. English official, hausa, yoruba, igbo ibo, fulani, and over 500 additional indigenous languages. Media in category ethnic groups in nigeria the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. The population is roughly balanced between muslims and christians with a small minority of those who practice indigenous beliefs. The major ethnic groups are the hausafulani of the north, the yoruba of the southwest, and the igbo of the southeast. Managing ethnic and cultural diversity for national. Ethnic groups in nigeria, their languages and states.
Kamwe adamawa state and borno state republic of cameroon name of ethnic group. The dominant ethnic group in the northern twothirds of the country is the hausafulani, most of whom are muslim. Ukpo calls an ethnic group a group of people having a common language and cultural values 10. Tiv or tiiv is an ethnolinguistic group or ethnic nation in west africa. Department of social development, nigerian institute of social and economic research niser, ibadan oyo state, nigeria. The hausa and fulani people are located mostly in northern part of nigeria. They are located primarily in northern nigeria and southern niger. Ngamen kouassi department of sociologyanthropology. List of all ethnic groups in nigeria and their states. From the empirical evidences around the world, the study concludes that a political project that place emphasis on national integration and understanding as well as inclusion of every ethnic group in national. Over several decades, kaduna, like other states of nigeria, has experienced outbreaks of.
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